مرور جامع منشأ، روش‌های تشخیص مکانیزم‌ها و راهکارهای کنترل تولید آب اضافی در میادین نفتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی نفت، دانشکده نفت اهواز، دانشگاه صنعت نفت، ایران

چکیده

معمولاً در زمان تولید هیدروکربن، آب به همراه نفت تولید می‌شود. در مرحله سوم تولید عملیات سیلاب‌زنی آب جهت کاهش افت فشار مخزن و ازدیاد برداشت نفت انجام می‌شود. آب تزریقی از طریق مسیرهای مختلف می تواند وارد چاه تولیدی شود. آب اضافی زمانی مطرح می‌شود که آب بیشتر از حد اقتصادی نسبت آب به نفت، وارد چاه شود. تولید آب اضافی یکی از چالش‌های اصلی صنعت نفت است که باعث بروز مشکلات اقتصادی و زیست محیطی زیادی می‌گردد. به‌منظور کنترل تولید آب اضافی شناخت منشأ و مکانیزم‌های تولید آب یک امر ضروری و حیاتی است و در طراحی روش کنترل آب نقش اساسی دارد. در این مطالعه مروری منشأ و مکانیزم‌های تولید آب اضافی مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است، بدین‌صورت که ده مکانیزم تولید آب اضافی برای دو منشأ آبده و چاه تزریقی گزارش ‌شده است. انواع مکانیزم‌ها از جهات منشأ آب، ماهیت و میزان سختی راه‌کارهای کنترل تولید آب دسته‌بندی‌شده‌اند و روش‌های شناسایی آنها در سه گروه نمودارگیری، آزمایش‌ها و روش‌های تحلیلی-تجربی نیز گردآوری ‌شده است تا مسیر و نقطه ورود آب به چاه تولیدی به‌صورت دقیق مشخص شود. با توجه به نوع مکانیزم و منشأ، روش‌های شیمیایی و مکانیکی مختلفی برای کنترل ورود آب به چاه گردآوری شده است که هرکدام از آن‌ها در شرایط خاصی قابل‌استفاده هستند. درنهایت با شناسایی مکانیزم و مسیر تولید آب و با توجه به تجهیزات و فناوری‌های موجود و با درنظرگرفتن شرایط چاه و مخزن، روش مناسبی برای کنترل تولید آب اضافی می‌توان به کار برد. با کنترل کردن تولید آب اضافی ناشی از مکانیزم های مربوط به چاه تزریقی، همان‌گونه که تولید آب کاهش می‌یابد، عملکرد سیلاب زنی آب بهبود پیدا می کند و منجر به افزایش تولید نفت و بازدهی جاروب سطحی می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comprehensive Review of the Sources, Mechanisms Diagnosis Methods and Control Strategies of Excessive Water Production in Oil Fields

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Emami Miran
  • Shahin Kord
  • Reza Salehi
Petroleum Engineering Department, Ahwaz Faculty of Petroleum, Petroleum University of Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

Usually, during hydrocarbon production, water is produced along with oil. In the tertiary recovery, water flooding is conducted to reduce the pressure drop in the reservoir and increase oil production. Injected water can enter the production well through different pathways. Excess water production occurs when water enters the well more than water oil ratio economic limit. Excess water production is one of the main challenges of the oil and gas industry, which causes many economic and environmental issues. to control excess water production, knowing the source and mechanisms of water production is essential and plays a major role in designing the water shut-off methods. This review investigates the sources and mechanisms of excessive water production in oil wells. All kinds of mechanisms have been categorized in terms of water source, nature, and degree of difficulty of water control methods, and their identification methods have been classified in three groups of well logging, tests, and analytical-experimental methods to point and pathway of water entry into the production well and it should be determined accurately. According to the type of mechanisms and sources, various chemical and mechanical methods have been collected to control the entry of water into the well, each of which can be used in certain conditions. Leveraging available equipment and technology, engineers can pinpoint the exact mechanism and pathway of water ingress based on well and reservoir data. This knowledge empowers them to select the most effective method for controlling unwanted water production. By controlling the excessive water production mechanisms of injection well at the same time as reducing water production, improvement of water flooding performance which leads to the areal sweep efficiency will improve, and oil production increase.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sources and Mechanisms of Excessive Water Production
  • Diagnosis Methods
  • Excessive Water Production Control Strategies
  • Water Flooding Performance
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