بررسی پارامترهای مؤثر بر ارتقا برش نفت کوره با استفاده از میکروارگانیسم‌های سودوموناس آیروژینوس و رودوکوکوس اریتروپلیس جدا شده از لجن نفتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی فرآیندهای بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی و نفت، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه قابلیت باکتری‌های مفید جدا شده از لجن مخازن نفت پالایشگاه کرمانشاه و تأثیر شرایط محیط کشت جهت اصلاح نفت کوره مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جهت جداسازی و خالص‌سازی میکروارگانیسم‌ها از محیط‌های کشت مایع و جامد استفاده گردید و طی مراحل مختلف میزان جمعیت میکروبی افزایش پیدا نمود. باکتری‌های فوق شامل میکروارگانیسم‌های سودوموناس آیروژینوس و رودوکوکوس اریتروپلیس هستند. در انجام آزمایش‌ها، متغیرهای انتخابی شامل پارامترهای pH، دما، زمان، غلظت نفت کوره و غلظت میکروارگانیسم‌ها بوده و هریک از متغیر‌ها در سطوح مختلف براساس شرایط استفاده گردید. همچنین، تأثیر مواد فعال‌سطحی بر اصلاح نفت کوره مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. براساس نتایج به‌دست آمده بهترین شرایط حذف ترکیبات گوگردی و تبدیل به برش‌های سبک‌تر در 5/6 =pH، دمای C° 40، غلظت 4% حجمی نفت کوره، میزان 2% حجمی محیط کشت حاوی دو میکروارگانیسم و زمان 3 روز، همراه با اضافه نمودن مواد فعال‌سطحی شیمیایی حاصل گردیده است , در پایان آنالیز، ترکیبات نمونه حاصل در بهترین شرایط آزمایش با روش SARA مشخص گردید. میزان گوگرد کل و دانسیته در نمونه اولیه به‌ترتیب ppm 25400 و kg/L 9428/0 و در نمونه نهایی برابر با ppm 9400 و kg/L 9096/0 است، که در مقایسه با نتایج نمونه اصلی میزان تبدیل نفت کوره به نفت گاز برابر با 3/29% و کاهش گوگرد کل بیش از 60% را نشان می‌دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Effective Parameters on the Upgrading of Fuel Oil by Pseudomonas Aeruginus and Rhodococcus Erythropolis Microorganisms Isolated from Oil Sludge

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nematolah Najafi
  • Farshad Rahimpour
Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the capability of local bacteria, isolated from oily sludge in Kermanshah refinery oil tanks, and cultivation environment conditions effects on fuel oil upgrading were investigated. In order to isolate and purify microorganisms, liquid and solid culture media were used, and the amount of microbial population increased during different stages. The isolated bacteria include the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Rhodococus erythropolis. In these experiments, the selected variables including pH, temperature, time parameters, fuel oil concentration and microorganism concentration were used at different levels based on the conditions. Density and total sulfur reduction were used as responses parameters. Also, the effect of chemical surfactant on the responses was studied. Based on the achieved results, the best conditions for sulfur removal and converting heavy cut to ligher one, were obtained at pH = 6.5, temperature of 40 °C, fuel oil concentration 0f 4 % (V/V) microorganisms’ concentration of 2 % (V/V) and 3 days, together with the addition of chemical surfactant. The SARA analysis results shown that total sulfur and density in untreated fuel oil were 25400 ppm and 0.9428 kg/L, respectively, and in optimal treated one, they were 9400 ppm and 0.9096 kg/L, which it demonstrated that the conversion rate of fuel oil to gas oil was equal to 29.3% and reduction of total sulfur by more than 60%.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fuel Oil
  • Pseudomonas Aeruginus
  • Rhodococcus Erythropolis
  • Heavy Oil Upgrade
  • SARA
[1]. Speight J G (2013) Refining heavy oil and extra-heavy oil, in: Delmon B, Yates JT, and Centi G (Eds.), Heavy and Extra-Heavy Oil Upgrading Technologies, Elsevier, 164: 1–14.##
[2]. Kilbane J J (2006) Microbial biocatalyst developments to upgrade fossil fuels, Journal Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 17: 305–314. ##
[3]. Ayala M, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Morales M, Le Borgne S, (2016) Application of microorganisms to the processing and upgrading of crude oil and fractions, In Lee S. (Eds.) Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids: Production of Fuels and Chemicals. Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology. Springer, 1-36. ##
[4]. Bachmann R, Johnson A, Edyvean R, (2014) Biotechnology in the petroleum industry: an overview, International biodeterioration and biodegradation, 86: 225–237. ##
[5]. Chapman J, Ismail A E, Dinu C Z, (2018) Industrial Applications of Enzymes: Recent Advances, Techniques, and Outlooks, Catalysts, 8, 6: Article 238. doi:10.3390/catal8060238. ##
[6]. Wang W, Shao Z, (2013) Enzymes and genes involved in aerobic alkane degradation, Fronties in Microbiology, 4: Article 116. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00116. ##
[7]. Van Hamme J D, Fedorak P M, Foght J M, Gray M R, Dettman H D, (2004) Use of a novel fluorinated organosulfur compound to isolate bacteria capable of carbon-sulfur bond cleavage, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70, 3:1487–1493. ##
[8]. Mohammad M E S., Al-Yacoub Z H, Vedakumar J V (2015) Biocatalytic desulfurization of thiophenic compounds and crude oil by newly isolated bacteria, Frontiers in Microbiology, 6: Article 112. ##
[9]. Bhatia S, Sharma D K (2012) Thermophilic desulfurization of dibenzothiophene and different petroleum oils by Klebsiella sp. 13T, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 19: 3491–3497. ##
[10]. Baldi F, Pepi M, Fava F, (2003) Growth of rhodosporidium toruloides strain DBVPG 6662 on dibenzothiophene crystals and rimulsion, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69, 8:4689-4696. ##
[11]. Chen Sh, Sun Sh, Zhao Ch, Liu Q, Zang M, (2019) Biodesulfurization of model oil using growing cells of Gordonia sp. SC-10, Petroleum Science and Technology, 37, 8: 907-912. ##
[12]. Ranson I, Rivas CM, (2002) Biodesulfurization of hydrocarbons, Patent U.S. 6808919 B2. ##
[13]. Bhatia S, Sharma DK, (2010) Biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene, its alkylated derivatives and crude oil by a newly isolated strain Pantoea agglomerans D23W3, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 50: 104-109. ##
[14]. Tabatabaee MS, Mazaheri Assadi M, (2013) Vacuum distillation residue upgrading by an indigenous Bacillus cereus, Journal of Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering, 11: Article 18. ##
[15]. Shahebrahimi Y, Fazlali A, Motamedi H, Kord S, Mohammadi AH, (2020) Effect of Various Isolated Microbial Consortiums on the Biodegradation Process of Precipitated Asphaltenes from Crude Oil, ACS Omega, 5, 7:.3131–3143. ##
[16]. Lavania M, Cheema S, Lal B (2015) Potential of viscosity reducing thermophillic anaerobic bacterial consortium TERIB#90 in upgrading heavy oil, Fuel, 144: 349–357. ##
[17]. Ghollami M, Roayaei M, Ghavipanjeh F, Rasekh B (2013) Bioconversion of Heavy Hydrocarbon Cuts Containing High Amounts of Resins by Microbial Consortia, Journal of Petroleum and Environmental Biotechnology, 4, 2: Article 139. ##
[18]. Banoth S, Kaannoju B, Nunavath H, Branoth C H, pasha Ch (2013) Biotransformation and biocracking of long chain fatty acids and Hyderocarbons, Technology spectrum, 6, 1: 83-89. ##
[19]. Wentzel A, Ellingsen T E, Kotlar H-K, Zotchev SB, Throne-Holst M (2007) Bacterial metabolism of long-chain n-alkanes, Appllied Microbiol Biotechnology,  76: 1209–1221. ##
[20]. Fariq A, Yasmin A (2020) Production, characterization and bioactivities of biosurfactants from newly isolated strictly halophilic bacteria, Process Biochemistry, 98: 1-10. ##
[21]. Claus D (1992) A standardized gram staining procedure, World J Microbiology Biotechnol, 8: 451–452. ##
[22]. Marmur J (1961) A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from microorganisms, J Molecular Biololgy, 3: 208–218. ##
[23]. ASTM D4124-09 (2018) Standard Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. ##
[24]. ASTM D4294-16e1 (2016) Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. ##
[25]. Maass D, Todescato D, Moritz Vladimir Oliveira DEJ, Oliveira D, Ulson de Souza AA, Guelli Souza SMA, (2015) Desulfurization and denitrogenation of heavy gas oil by Rhodococcus erythropolis ATCC 4277, Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 38: 1447–1453. ##
[26]. Bouchez-Naitali M, Abbad-Andaloussi S, Warzywoda M, Monot F (2004) Relation between bacterial strain resistance to solvents and biodesulfurization activity in organic medum, Applied Microbiology and biotechnology, 65, 4: 440-445. ##
[27]. Amini F, Samadi N, Harande M, Naghdi M, Sharifan A (2009) Optimization of the production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, Iranian Journal of Nutrition Science Food Technology, 4, 1: 33-38. ##
[28]. Ismail W, Al-Rowaihi I S, Al-Humam A A, Hamza R Y, El-Nayal AM, Bououdina M (2013) Characterization of alipopeptide biosurfactant produced by a crude oil-emulsifying Bacillus sp., International biodeterioration & biodegradation, 84: 168–178. ##
[29]. Chong H, Li Q (2017) Microbial production of rhamnolipids: opportunities, challenges and strategies, Microbial Cell Factories, 16: Article 137. ##
[30]. Uchida Y, Misawa S, Nakahara T, Tabuchi T (2014) Factors Affecting the Production of Succinoyl Trehalose Lipids by Rhodococcus erythropolis SD-74 Grown on n-Alkanes, Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 53, 3: 765-769. ##
[31]. Chen M L, Penfold J, Thomas R K, Smyth T J P, Perfumo A, Marchant R, Banat I M, Stevenson P, Parry A, Tucker I, Grillo I (2010) Mixing behavior of the biosurfactant, rhamnolipid, with a conventional anionic surfactant, Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate, Langmuir, 26, 23: 17958–17968. ##
[32]. Nurfarahin A H, Mohamed M S, Phang L Y (2018) Culture Medium Development for Microbial-Derived Surfactants Production-An Overview, Molecules, 23, 5: Article 1049. ##
[33]. Pallcroni N J, Genus I (1984) Pseudomonas mogula, In: Krieg, N. R., Holt J. G., (Eds.), Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, I: 141-199. ##
[34]. Collier L, Balows A, Sussman M, (1998) Topley and Wison’s microbiology and microbial infections, Oxford University Press Inc., 245-1138. ##
[35]. Abin-Fuentes A, Leung J, Mohamed M, Wang D, Prather K (2014) Rate-limiting step analysis of the microbial desulfurization of dibenzothiophene in a model oil system, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 111, 5:876–84. ##
[36]. Nurfarahin A H, Mohamed M S, Phang L Y (2018) Culture Medium Development for Microbial-Derived Surfactants Production—An Overview, Molecules, 23, 5: 1049. ##
[37]. Ma Y L, Lu W, Wan L L, Luo N (2015) Elucidation of fluoranthene degradative characteristics in a newly isolated Achromobacter xylosoxidans DN002, Appllied Biochemistry Biotechnology, 175: 1294-1305. ##
[38]. Varjani S J (2017) Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, Bioresource Technology, 223: 277–286. ## 
[39]. Sousa J P M., Ferreira P, Neves R P P, Ramos M J, Fernandes P A (2020) The bacterial 4S pathway – an economical alternative for crude oil desulphurization that reduces CO2 emissions, Green Chemistry, 22: 7604-7621. ##
[40]. Martínez I, Santos V E, García-Ochoa F (2017) Metabolic kinetic model for dibenzothiophene desulfurization through 4S pathway using intracellular compound concentrations, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 117: 89-96. ##
[41]. Pineda-Flores G, Boll-Arguello G, Lira-Galeana C, Mesta-Howard AM (2004) A microbial consortium isolated from a crude oil sample that uses asphaltenes as a carbon and energy source, Biodegradation, 15, 3: 145–151. ##
[42]. Lory S, Tai P C (1985) Biochemical and genetic aspects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa of pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence, Part of the Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology book series, 118: 53-89. ##