افزایش تجزیه زیستی هیدروکربن‌های سنگین توسط آسپرژیلوس سودودفلکتوس F13 در حضور رامنولیپید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش زیست‌فناوری میکروبی، دانشکده زیست‌شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 گروه پژوهش میکروبیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت ایران، تهران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی توانمندی جدایه‌های کپکی در حذف آلاینده‌های نفتی و همچنین، بررسی تأثیر ترکیبات فعال سطحی به منظور افزایش کارآیی حذف این ترکیبات بود. در این تحقیق، از مناطق دارای آلودگی‌های قدیمی نفتی 40 جدایه‌ کپکی دارای توانایی حذف ترکیبات نفتی خالص‌سازی شد. شناسایی جدایه منتخب به‌وسیله تعیین توالی ژن ITS نشان داد جدایه F13 دارای شباهت 100% با آسپرژیلوس سودودفلکتوس است. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه زیستی نفت خام نشان داد که این جدایه قادر به حذف 97/52% نفت خام در مدت 21 روز است. میزان تجزیه زیستی در هنگام استفاده از پیرن (به‌عنوان یک آروماتیک چند حلقه‌ سنگین) با غلظت ppm 500 مقدار 06/49% و در مورد تتراکوزان (به‌عنوان یک آلیفاتیک سنگین) با غلظت 1% مقدار 73/55% به‌دست آمد که نشان از سخت‌ تجزیه‌پذیر بودن پیرن نسبت به تتراکوزان دارد. در ادامه، برای بررسی تأثیر سورفکتانت‌ها در تجزیه این ترکیبات از بیوسورفکتانت رامنولیپید (01/0%) و سورفکتانت شیمیایی تویین 80 (2/0%) استفاده شد که رامنولیپید با عملکردی بهتر توانست میزان کارآیی تجزیه نفت خام، تتراکوزان و پیرن را به‌ترتیب 25، 16 و 30% افزایش دهد. این نتایج نشان داد که رامنولیپید نسبت به سورفکتانت شیمیایی تویین 80، در غلظت کمتر، اثر بهتری در بهبود فرآیند تجزیه زیستی دارد. همچنین، اثر سورفکتانت برروی حذف زیستی آروماتیک‌ها نسبت به ترکیبات آلیفاتیک‌ها کمتر است. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش می‌تواند به استفاده از جدایه‌های قارچی به منظور پاک‌سازی زیستی آلودگی‌های نفتی قدیمی و سخت تجزیه کمک کند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Enhanced Biodegradation of Heavy Hydrocarbons by Aspergillus Pseudodeflectus F13 in the Presence of Rhamnolipid

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Ghorbannezhad 1
  • hamid Moghimi 1
  • Mohammad Mehdi Dastgheib 2
1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, (RIPI) Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of mold isolates in degradation of petroleum pollutants and also the effect of surface active compounds in enhancing the removal efficiency. In this study, 40 mold isolates were isolated from an aged petroleum contaminated area, and the capability of petroleum biodegradation of these isolates was studied. Identification of selected isolate based on ITS gene sequencing revealed that the F13 isolate had 100% similarity to Aspergillus pseudodeflectus. The results of the crude oil degradation showed that this isolate was able to remove 52.97% crude oil within 21 days. The extents of biodegradation for pyrene as a heavy PAH (at 500 ppm) and tetracosane as a long-chain aliphatic compound (at 10000 ppm) were measured to be 49.06% and 55.73% respectively. These results indicated the recalcitrance of pyrene towards biodegradation in comparison with tetracosane. To investigate the effect of surfactants on the degradation of these compounds, rhamnolipid (0.01% w/w) as a biosurfactant and Tween 80 as a chemical surfactant (0.2% w/w) were used. Rhamnolipid showed a better effect in comparison with Tween 80 and increased the efficiency of crude oil, pyrene and tetracosane biodegradation for about 25, 16 and 30% respectively. These results showed that rhamnolipid had a higher positive effect than tween-80, even in a lower concentration. Also, the surfactants have a more enhancing effect on degradation of aliphatics compared to aromatics. Finally, the results of this study can be promising for the use of fungal isolates in the bioremediation of aged and recalcitrant petroleum pollution.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aspergillus Pseudodeflectus
  • Biodegradation
  • Pyrene
  • Rhamnolipid
  • Tetracosane
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